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  • Risk Factors
  • The Burden
  • Taking Action
  • Resources
  • Risk Factors

    Exposures to numerous potentially modifiable risk factors for cancer vary substantially across and within countries and are often associated with socioeconomic status.

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    • 02 Overview
    • 03 Human Carcinogens
    • 04 Tobacco
    • 05 Infection
    • 06 Body Fatness, Physical Activity, and Diet

    • 07 Alcohol
    • 08 Ultraviolet Radiation
    • 09 Reproductive and Hormonal Factors
    • 10 Environmental Pollutants and Occupational Exposures
    • 11 Climate Change and Cancer
  • The Burden

    Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide and is likely to become the leading cause of premature death in every country of the world in this century.

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    • 12 The Burden
    • 13 Social Inequalities
    • 14 Lung Cancer
    • 15 Breast Cancer
    • 16 Colorectal Cancer
    • 17 Cervical Cancer
    • 18 Liver Cancer
    • 19 Childhood Cancer
    • 20 Human Development Index
    • 21 Cancer in Indigenous Populations

    Geographic Diversity

    • 22 Geographic Diversity
    • 23 Cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa
    • 24 Cancer in Latin America and the Caribbean
    • 25 Cancer in North America
    • 26 Cancer in Southern, Eastern, and Southeast Asia
    • 27 Cancer in Europe
    • 28 Cancer in Northern Africa, Central and West Asia
    • 29 Cancer in Oceania

    Survivorship

    • 30 Cancer Survival
    • 31 Cancer Survivorship